Our present-day understanding and knowledge of the Universe explains that it's ruled by four ultimate or fundamental forces: electromagnetic, gravity, and the strong nuclear forces and the weak nuclear forces.
On the other hand there are clues of a fifth force ofnature, and if it exists, we would not only be capable to seal the left behind holes in Einstein's theory of general relativity, we would have to re-consider our understanding and knowledge of how the Universe truly works. And now different scientists’ physicists have figured out how to put this puzzling force into the ultimate test.
The four fundamental forces of nature are what grips strongly the standard model of physics organized together, which is what we use to describe and calculate the activities of particles and matter in our whole Universe.
At the slightest end of the scales are the two nuclear forces (the strong and the weak nuclear force) is what holds strongly the atomic nuclei in place, and the weak nuclear force permits certain atoms to experience radioactive decay.
On the larger end of the scale are the Gravity and the electromagnetic force, electromagnetic force is necessary to keep our molecules strongly together, while gravity is accountable for confirming that entire galaxies and planets are not shredded apart.
It's all very straight and sensible, but there's a difficult problem - in a lot different ways, gravity is the 'odd one out' in this very important set.
For one thing, gravity is the only force among the fourfundamental forces that humans haven't yet figured out how to create and control.
It also doesn't look like to explaining everything that it must, different studies have explain that there's much more gravity in our Universe than can be made by all the observable matter out there in the wholeUniverse.
The entity that we use to explicate this crack, a placeholder known as dark matter - hasn't precisely helped its occasion, because even our finest technology can't find a hint and trace of it.
Thanks to our lack of ability to figure out what dark matter truly is, particular physicists (very controversially) desire to ditch gravity as a fundamental force completely.
But instead of eternally dropping one of the fundamental forces in the expectations that the Universe will make more logic without it, what if we added a new fifth force that bonds gravity to the others in behaviors we've never assumed of before?
Director of the University of California (UOC) and the Los Angeles Galactic Center Group (LAGC), Andrea Ghez says, "Einstein's theory explains gravity beautifully well, but there's loads of proof presenting the theory has holes. The ordinary existence of super-massive black holes speaks very clearly that our existing theories of how everything in the Universe works are insufficient to explain what a black hole actually is."
Andrea Ghez and her team of scientists are searching for this imaginary fifth force of nature, and the team of scientists says that the best place to aspect would be somewhere in the Universe where the guidance of gravity is so strong, symbols of something more will be easier to discover.
By exploring exceptionally sharp images of the center of the Milky Way Galaxy captured with by the Keck Observatory in Hawaii (US), the scientists can track the paths of the different stars near our galaxy's only super-massive black hole.
Established on these orbits, they can measure the nonstop effect of gravity on the stars' paths, and figure out if something new is at play.
Andrea Ghez says, "This is really thrilling. Our work on exploring stars at the heart of our galaxy is introducing a new system of looking at how gravity does its job. By observing the stars orbits 20 years using very accurate measurements taken from Keck Observatory figures, you can see and put checks on how gravity works."
The team of scientists is mostly involved in an event that's anticipated to take place next year, when a gigantic star called S0-2 will get closer than ever to Milky Way’s super-massive black hole, and be drawn in at maximum gravitational strong point.
If there are any abnormalities from what the theory general relativity guesses, this will be the best time to explain them.
Andrea Ghez says, "If gravity is driven by something other than Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity, you will see small differences in the orbital tracks of the stars."
This isn't the first time in the history that physicists have enthusiastically searched for the fifth force of nature, last year, another team spotted signs of its effect in the strong energy signature of what acted to be a new sub-atomic particle.
Lead scientist Jonathan Feng from the University of California (UOC), Irvine, said at the time, "If true and accurate, it's ground-breaking. If confirmed by additional research, this finding of a promising fifth force would entirely change our understanding and knowledge of the Universe, with concerns for the alliance of forces and dark matter."
We are still a very long way from figuring out if this force truly exists, but this new method will be the first time researchers have ever searched for it in a gravitational field as powerful as the one produced by a super-massive black hole.
And even if we don't result in finding the fifth force of nature at the center of our galaxy, we will probably gain a better understanding and knowledge of gravity itself, something the regular model of physics urgently needs.
Andrea Ghez says, "It's electrifying that we can complete this because we can inquire a very fundamental question - how does gravity itself work?"
Their investigation and study has been published in PhysicalReview Letters (PRLs).